Synthesis-Structure Relationships of Nanostructured Materials

There is an increasing demand for engineered materials that are low cost and efficient for a wide range of energy applications. In this study we look at three different nanostructured systems 1) Ni metal embedded in a 1D carbon nanofiber matrix 2) TiO2 nanoparticles embedded in a 1D carbon nanofiber matrix and 3) Ni-Fe bimetallic nanostructures on a perovskite oxide support. We describe a two-step electrospinning annealing method to produce 1D carbon nanofibrous networks embedded with catalytic metal (Ni) or metal oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Using a combination of microscopic and spectroscopic methods, we try to understand the polymer effects on crystal growth and phase transformation of these metal/metal oxide nanostructures. Particle growth mechanisms of Ni nanoparticles and concurrent graphitization will be identified. Investigation of the crystal growth and phase transformation of these nanostructures within a polymer matrix will provide insight to the controlled synthesis and assembly of the nanoparticle constituents and their effect on performance. Exsolution studies of Ni and Fe metal in a perovskite oxide support will be studied and particle growth at elevated temperatures will also be analyzed. These design guidelines can aid in their application of multifunctional nanocomposites that are efficiently produced for energy and environmental applications such as dry methane reforming and water purification