Multicentre, cross-cultural, population-based, case-control study of physical activity as risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Visser A. E.
- Rooney J. P. K.
- D'ovidio F.
- Westeneng H. -J.
- Vermeulen R. C. H.
- Beghi E.
- Chio A.
- Logroscino G.
- Hardiman O.
- Veldink J. H.
- Van Den Berg L. H.
- Tomasoni A.
- Arnaboldi M.
- Valsecchi M.
- Moleri M.
- Poloni M.
- Alimonti D.
- Tagliavini F.
- Redaelli V.
- Fede B. D.
- Bizzozero I.
- Prioni S.
- Van der Kooi A. J.
- Raaphorst J.
- Calvo A.
- Moglia C.
- Casale F.
- Canosa A.
- Manera U.
- Bertuzzo D.
- Mazzini L.
- Bersano E.
- Heverin M.
- Vadja A.
- Pupillo E.
- Comi G.
- Lunetta C.
- Gerardi F.
- Filosto M.
- Cotelli M. S.
- Rinaldi F.
- Chiveri L.
- Guaita M. C.
- Perrone P.
- Mauro C.
- Diamanti L.
- Ferrarese C.
- Tremolizzo L.
- Delodovici M. L.
- Bono G.
- Zecca C.
- Tortelli R.
- Riva N.
DOIAbstract
Objective To investigate the association between physical activity (PA) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in population-based case-control studies in three European countries using a validated and harmonised questionnaire. Methods Patients with incident ALS and controls were recruited from five population-based registers in The Netherlands, Ireland and Italy. Demographic and data regarding educational level, smoking, alcohol habits and lifetime PA levels in both leisure and work time were gathered by questionnaire, and quantified using metabolic equivalent of task scores. Logistic regression models adjusting for PA-related factors were used to determine the association between PA and ALS risk, and forest plots were used to visualise h...
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