Demand side management considering household appliances and EV

Combination of information technology and power engineering is the feature of the next-generation grid. Depending on bidirectional communication, demand side management (DSM) aims at carrying out optimization on the electricity usage pattern of customers to improve energy efficiency and minimize environmental impact. In the present study, a DSM optimization algorithm is designed, which can perform load shifting on a household level based on Time-of-Use strategy. Several flexible appliances, Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (EV) charging and rooftop photovoltaic (PV) are considered. The results show that the daily electricity cost has a decline of 19% after optimization. 12% reduction of domestic carbon emission is also achieved from the variation of grid carbon intensity and energy provided by rooftop PV. With the growing proportion of EVs and renewable energy, smarting scheduling of household load has a significant impact on grid stability and energy efficiency