In spite of early confusion, the precautionary principle is very different from the principle of abstention that asks the promoter to bring the certain proof of safety of a product or a technology before it can be authorized, and the authorities to forbid any product or technology for which there is a scientific doubt. The main idea brought by the precautionary principle is that of earliness in taking account of potential threats of huge and irreversible damage to the environment. But this idea of earliness is counterbalanced by the requirement that precautionary measures are provisional and proportionate. Thus the precautionary principle is all but a catastrophism; moreover it is for good reasons that this principle has maintained itself f...