Ferma gamma-ray space telescope observations of gamma-ray outburst from 3C 454.3 in 2009 december and 2010 april
- Ackermann, Markus
- Ajello, Marco
- Baldini, Luca
- Ballet, Jean
- Barbiellini, Guido
- Bastieri, D.
- Bechtol, K.
- Bellazzini, R.
- Berenji, B.
- D. Blandford, R.
- Bonamente, E.
- W. Borgland, A.
- Bregeon, J.
- Brigida, M.
- Bruel, Pascal
- Buehler, R.
- H. Burnett, T.
- Buson, S.
- A. Caliandro, G.
- A. Cameron, R.
- Caraveo, P. A.
- Carrigan, S.
- M. Casandjian, J.
- Cavazzuti, E.
- Cecchi, C.
- Celik, O.
- Chekhtman, A.
- C. Cheung, C.
- Chiang, J.
- Ciprini, S.
- Claus, R.
- Cohen-Tanugi, J.
- Corbel, S.
- Cutini, S.
- d'Ammando, F.
- D. Dermer, C.
- de Angelis, A.
- de Palma, F.
- W. Digel, S.
- Do Couto E Silva, E.
- S. Drell, P.
- Dubois, R.
- Dumora, D.
- Escande, L.
- Favuzzi, C.
- J. Fegan, S.
- C. Ferrara, E.
- Fuhrmann, L.
- Fukazawa, Y.
- Fusco, P.
- Gargano, F.
- Gasparrini, D.
- Gehrels, N.
- Germani, S.
- Giebels, B.
- Giglietto, N.
- Giommi, P.
- Giordano, F.
- Giroletti, M.
- Glanzman, T.
- Godfrey, G.
- A. Grenier, I.
- E. Grove, J.
- Guiriec, S.
- Hadasch, D.
- Hayashida, M.
- Hays, E.
- Johannesson, G.
- S. Johnson, A.
- N. Johnson, W.
- Kamae, T.
- Katagiri, H.
- Kataoka, J.
- Knödlseder, Jürgen
- Kuss, M.
- Lande, J.
- Larsson, S.
- Latronico, L.
- Lee, S.-H.
- Llena Garde, M.
- Longo, F.
- Loparco, F.
- Lott, B.
- Lubrano, P.
- M. Madejski, G.
- Makeev, A.
- Marchili, N.
- N. Mazziotta, M.
- E. Mcenery, J.
- Mehault, J.
- F. Michelson, P.
- Mizuno, T.
- Monte, C.
- E. Monzani, M.
- Morselli, A.
- V. Moskalenko, I.
- Murgia, S.
- Nakamori, T.
- Nalewajko, K.
- Naumann-Godo, M.
- L. Nolan, P.
- P. Norris, J.
- Nuss, E.
- Ohsugi, T.
- Okumura, A.
- Omodei, N.
- Orlando, E.
- F. Ormes, J.
- Pelassa, V.
- Pepe, M.
- Pesce-Rollins, M.
- Piron, F.
- Porter, T.A.
- Raino, S.
- Rando, R.
- Razzano, M.
- Reimer, A.
- Reimer, O.
- C. Reyes, L.
- Ripken, J.
- Ritz, S.
- Roth, M.
- F.-W. Sadrozinski, H.
- Sanchez, D.
- Sander, A.
- D. Scargle, J.
- Sgro, C.
- Sikora, M.
- J. Siskind, E.
- Spandre, G.
- Spinelli, P.
- S. Strickman, M.
- J. Suson, D.
- Takahashi, H.
- Takahashi, T.
- Tanaka, T.
- Tanaka, Y.
- B. Thayer, J.
- G. Thayer, J.
- J. Thompson, D.
- Tibaldo, L.
- F. Torres, D.
- Tosti, G.
- Tramacere, A.
- L. Usher, T.
- Vandenbroucke, J.
- Vilchez, N.
- Vitale, V.
- P. Waite, A.
- Wang, P.
- E. Wehrle, A.
- L. Winer, B.
- Yang, Z.
- Ylinen, T.
- Ziegler, M.
DOIAbstract
The flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 454.3 underwent an extraordinary outburst in 2009 December when it became the brightest γ-ray source in the sky for over 1 week. Its daily flux measured with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope at photon energies E>100 MeV reached F 100 = 22 ± 1 × 10–6 photon cm–2 s–1, representing the highest daily flux of any blazar ever recorded in high-energy γ-rays. It again became the brightest source in the sky in 2010 April, triggering a pointed-mode observation by Fermi. The correlated γ-ray temporal and spectral properties during these exceptional events are presented and discussed. The main results show flux variability over time scales less than 3 hr and very mild spectral variability with an indication of gradual ha...
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