International audienceClimate change in the Amazon is the subject of many studies because it is an emblematic ecosystem but also a region where the changes have been dramatic for over 30 years (deforestation). This article focuses on how people installed in Amazonia perceive environmental changes by comparing these perceptions with rainfall data available for 13 sites representing the Amazon diversity. Perceptions are varied and the concordance with the measured data is not always good. However, the arc of deforestation, where the downward trend of rainfall is well proven, also appears as the region where the populations have the highest perception of rainfall change.Les changements climatiques en Amazonie font l'objet de nombreuses études ...