Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuation on International Trade: A Study of Selected Companies in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of exchange rate fluctuation on international trade, a study of selected companies in Nigeria. International trade is recognized as the study of the causes and repercussions of global trade in goods and services and the international mobility of factors of production. Due to exchange fluctuation, exchange appreciation or depreciation might occur. Constant fluctuations in exchange rate can also have a detrimental influence on the market, making both internal and international trade volatile and harmful. The study evaluated the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on balance of trade, import volume and export volume in selected companies in Nigeria. The study was carried out to provide answers to the following research questions: What is the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the balance of trade of selected companies in Nigeria? What is the impact of the exchange rate fluctuations on import volume of selected companies in Nigeria? What is the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on export volume of selected companies in Nigeria? To provide answers to the research questions, the study collected primary data through the distribution of questionnaires to the employees of Unilever Nigeria Plc, John Holt Plc and PZ Cussons Nigeria Plc, which were the selected companies used in the study. The study adopted the positivism research philosophy, quantitative research method and data collected were presented in tables and chart, while the hypotheses were analyzed with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings of the study based on the research questions are as follows: exchange rate fluctuations have an impact on balance of trade of quoted conglomerate companies in Nigeria with a p-value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05; exchange rate fluctuations have a significant impact on export volume of quoted conglomerate companies in Nigeria, since it has a p-value of 0,003 which is less than 0.05; and exchange rate fluctuations have no significant impact on import volume of quoted conglomerate companies in Nigeria, since the p-value of 0.065 is greater than 0.05.Based on the findings of the study, the study concludes that exchange rate fluctuations have an impact on the international trade of selected companies in Nigeria