The Role of Bmh Proteins in the Regulation of Yeast Enzyme Neutral Trehalase Nth1.

118 10. Summary Neutral trehalase 1 is a yeast enzyme from the family of hydrolases, which catalyzes hydrolysis of trehalose to two glucose molecules. Trehalose is a non-reducing disacharide, which serves as a carbon source in a yeast cells as well as a stress metabolite. When a cell is under stress conditions it accumulate trehalose and through the recovery process the trehalose is hydrolyses by trehalases. The main subject of our study was Nth1 from S. cerevisiae. It was published earlier (Panni, S., et al., 2008), that Nth1 must be phosphorylated by PKA and in the presence of 14-3-3 protein to be active. The activity of Nth1 also slightly increases in the presence of Ca2+ ions (Franco, A., et al., 2003). 14-3-3 proteins are family of acid regulatory proteins, which participates in variety of processes in the cells, like regulation of the cell-cycle, cell metabolism, transcription, apoptosis etc. They have more than 400 known binding partners, which include transcription factors, signalling molecules, enzymes and others. They control the regulation of their binding partners through phosphorylated motives in sequence by changing conformation of the binding partner, revealing or masking specific sequence or by mediation of protein-protein interactions. There are many isoforms of 14-3- 3 proteins through all..