The thesis deals with the issue of legal status of professional sportsmen performing collective sports and professional referees active in collective sports from the perspective of personal income tax. This issue is now vividly discussed in relation with a recent judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court from 17th July 2017, case no. 6 Afs 278/2016. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the potential status of a professional sportsman and a referee and subsequently, depending on this status, analyse opportunities of taxation of their incomes according to the relevant national legislation and the Supreme Administrative Court's case law. The key question is whether the sportsman and referee should be regarded as an employee in accorda...