Developing Models of Road Tunnels with Petri Nets

1200 road tunnels have been built in Norway's European, national, and county road networks. Length, incline, and traffic volume vary, and it may cross through fjords or mountains, have one or two runs, and be near or far from populous areas. Variation is high, and the development of new road tunnels is a never-ending process; as a result, new records are being established, the country's transportation systems and infrastructure are growing more complex, and more people rely on driving in tunnels. As science and technology advance, new solutions are developed to improve tunnel safety and prevent accidents by boosting safeguards. Several studies have been undertaken to investigate the causes of traffic accidents and create preventative methods. Most accident occurs on open roadways. However, tunnels tend to cause serious accidents especially in the inner zone. This thesis used Petri Nets. It's a flexible and easy-to-use network that helps explain, analyse, and simulate complex systems using real-time data so you can better understand the problem or system. The suggested model offers a simple user interface and requires little math. The paper included a GPenSIM model and a brief review of tunnels and vehicle traffic. Different models are crated in this thesis with varying complexity. The last model simulates a tunnel with a roundabout inside. Here data from the Norwegian Road Authorities are used to see of the model can simulate a realistic scenario. The data shows that the model is performing as expected and that the tunnel manages to deal with the traffic volume during peak hours. The model also allows to change the traffic volume to simulate if the tunnel can handle the additional number of vehicles. As constructed tunnels need to take future traffic volume into account, this simulation feature gives useful insight to the tunnels ability to handle the increase