Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated with Arterial Hypertension in an Emergency Medical Care

Arterijska hipertenzija (AH) stanje je u kojemu je arterijski tlak (AT) povišen iznad 139/89 mmHg. Visoki AT ubrzava proces ateroskleroze u stijenkama krvnih žila. Sužene arterije imaju lošiju opskrbu tkiva i organa krvlju te se s vremenom oštećuju i pogoršava im se funkcija. Brojni su čimbenici za koje se pokazalo da pridonose nastanku AH-a, kao što su stres, genski čimbenici, pušenje, alkohol, no i prekomjerna tjelesna težina ima vodeću ulogu u nastanku AH-a. Istraživanje je provedeno na 160 ispitanika obaju spolova, starijih od 18 godina, u JZU Dom zdravlja Živinice. Stres i pušenje bili su vodeći čimbenici rizika u ispitanika s AH-om, a bili su prisutni (pojedinačno ili u kombinaciji) u 37,4 % ispitanika. U kontrolnoj skupini (normotenzivnih) ispitanika njih 18 (45,0 %) nije imalo nijedan od uočenih čimbenika rizika. Uočena je znatna razlika u vrijednostima indeksa tjelesne mase između promatranih skupina i normotenzivnih ispitanika.Arterial hypertension (AH) is a medical condition in which blood pressure (BP) is elevated above 139/89 mmHg. High BP accelerates the process of atherosclerosis in the walls of blood vessels. Clogged arteries provide reduced blood supply to tissues and organs, damaging them and their function over time. Numerous factors have been shown to contribute to development of AH, such as stress, genetic factors, smoking, and alcohol, but being overweight also has a leading role in AH development. We conducted a study on 160 participants of both sexes, aged over 18, at the JZU Health Center Živinice. Stress and smoking were leading risk factors in participants with AH, and were present (individually or in combination) in 37.4% of participants. In the control group of (normotensive) participants, 19 (45.0%) had none of the observed risk factors. A significant difference was observed in body mass index between the study group and normotensive controls