Superoleophobic and​/or superhydrophobic material, its method of preparation and its applications

The invention relates to a multilayer superoleophobic and​/or superhydrophobic material comprising: • on the one hand, a first constituent that is a conductive substrate or a substrate that has previously been rendered conductive (1)​: • the surface of which is modified by chem. and​/or phys. treatment (2) and that incorporates a first adhesion-​promoting conductive layer (3)​; • or that incorporates a first adhesion-​promoting conductive layer (3)​; • and, on the other hand, at least one other constituent that is a superoleophobic and​/or superhydrophobic polymer or copolymer layer (4, 5 or 6) composed of one or more monomers based on an arom. or heteroarom. ring substituted by one or more fluorocarbon and​/or hydrocarbon chains. It is characterized in that the various constituents of said material comply with an increasing hydrophobicity gradient between the first layer deposited on the conductive substrate or substrate previously rendered conductive (1) and the last layer of said material