Effect of diaphragmatic anterior expansion training versus diaphragmatic breathing exercises on ventilatory function on postmenopausal kyphotic women

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the difference between the effect of anterior diaphragmatic training and diaphragmatic breathing on ventilatory function in post-menopausal kyphotic women. Subjects: Sixty women complaining from post-menopausal kyphosis participated in this study. They were selected randomly from Tanta University Hospital in Tanta. Their ages were ranged from 50 to 60 years old. Their body mass index was ranged from 25-30 kg/m2. Their degree of kyphosis was moderate degree of kyphosis according to block method. They did not receive any medical treatment during the research period. Women with mild and severe degree of kyphosis according to block method, cardiovascular conditions (Those with a known history of uncontrolled hypertension, ischemic attacks, stroke and congestive heart failure), severe pulmonary disease (Restrictive lung disease or obstructive lung disease) and musculoskeletal disorders (Severe osteoporosis or severe osteoarthritis) were excluded from the study. Design: Design of the study was randomized controlled study (Pre and post experimental study). They were divided into two equal groups (A&B). Group A consisted of thirty postmenopausal kyphotic women and treated by diaphragmatic breathing exercises, 3 times per week for 16 weeks.&nbsp