Olivier Bellier ExaminateurNicole Béthoux Directrice de thèseJean-Pierre Brun RapporteurBruno Feignier ExaminateurMichel Granet RapporteurJean-Marc Lardeaux Président du juryEmmanuel Tric Membre invitéAn unresolved problem in seismology concerns the occurrence of unexpectedly strong earthquakes within intraplate slow deforming regions. This paradox (strong magnitude, small deformation) has been the subject of numbers of studies in areas such as the Eastern United States and Canada (Talwani 1988, Assameur et Mareschal, 1995, Pollitz et al., 1999). Following these works, this thesis presents a study in France and in particular in central and western France where we dispose of valuable seismicity catalogues, good geological knowledge and recen...