Management of fertigation and its effects on irrigation systems performance and crop yield

The world demand on food is increasing by the global population growing. World food production can be increased by intensifying food crop production on land already under cultivation and expanding the planted to food crops. The success of both methods will depend on judicious use of fertilizers. Fertigation is application of plant nutrients through irrigation water. It is a modern agro-technique provides an excellent opportunity to maximize yield and minimize environmental pollution by increasing fertilizer use efficiency, minimizing fertilizer application and increasing return on the fertilizer invested. Basic components of fertigation system are chemical supply tank; injection system (pressure differential tank, venturi suction device, and positive displacement injection pump); and, safety and anti-pollution devices to prevent any potential contamination of the water source. The irrigation system could be affected due to unsuitable management of fertigation system. Use of fertilizers changes the injected solution pH. Some irrigation system components may be damaged due to increase of reactivity /corrosivity by lowering of solution pH to 6.5 or lower. Clogging of lines and emitters may become a problem if not managed appropriately