Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of gram-negative bacteria in the pediatric hematology-oncology ward of RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya

Infection is one of the causes of death in children with malignancy. Gram-negative bacteria with broad resistance to antibiotics are the cause of invasive infections in patients with malignancy. This prospective observational study was conducted by collecting medical record data, including the identity of patients, their diagnosis results, and the antibiotic susceptibility test results, from January to December 2020 in the pediatric hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital (hereinafter referred to as RSUD Dr. Soetomo), Surabaya. Positive cultures were obtained in 20.9% of the 196 samples. The growth of gram-negative bacteria was found in 48.8% of the positive culture test results, with a percentage of 50% in blood cultures, 30% in pus cultures, and 15% in urine cultures. The most common gram-negative bacteria isolates obtained in general were E. coli (40%) and K. pneumoniae (30%). The most commonly found non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria was P. aeruginosa (15%). The lowest antibiotic susceptibility was obtained to ampicillin (0%) and ampicillin-sulbactam 10%. The lowest antibiotic susceptibility was obtained to amikacin (85%) and cefepime (80%). The MDR resistance pattern was found in 80% of samples, 40% of which was found in ESBL-producing bacteria