First results of the Herschel key program ''Dust, Ice and Gas In Time'' (DIGIT): Dust and gas spectroscopy of HD 100546

International audienceContext. We present far-infrared spectroscopic observations, taken with the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the Herschel Space Observatory, of the protoplanetary disk around the pre-main-sequence star HD 100546. These observations are the first within the DIGIT Herschel key program, which aims to follow the evolution of dust, ice, and gas from young stellar objects still embedded in their parental molecular cloud core, through the final pre-main-sequence phases when the circumstellar disks are dissipated.Aims. Our aim is to improve the constraints on temperature and chemical composition of the crystalline olivines in the disk of HD 100546 and to give an inventory of the gas lines present in its far-infrared spectrum.Methods. The 69 mu m feature is analyzed in terms of position and shape to derive the dust temperature and composition. Furthermore, we detected 32 emission lines from five gaseous species and measured their line fluxes.Results. The 69 mu m emission comes either from dust grains with similar to 70 K at radii larger than 50 AU, as suggested by blackbody fitting, or it arises from similar to 200K dust at similar to 13AU, close to the midplane, as supported by radiative transfer models. We also conclude that the forsterite crystals have few defects and contain at most a few percent iron by mass. Forbidden line emission from [C II] at 157 mu m and [OI] at 63 and 145 mu m, most likely due to photodissociation by stellar photons, is detected. Furthermore, five H2O and several OH lines are detected. We also found high-J rotational transition lines of CO, with rotational temperatures of similar to 300K for the transitions up to J = 22-21 and T similar to 800 K for higher transitions