Major clinical findings of minimally invasive surgery in dentistry: a systematic review

Introduction: In the scenario of surgery or minimally invasive dental procedures there are more than 300 clinical studies. The studies were classified in the areas of periodontics, cardiology, implantology, endodontics, orthodontics, oral pathology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, prosthesis, and others. Uncertainty is about the conclusions obtained from a set of studies on minimally traumatic surgery. Objective: It was to demonstrate the evolution and consequent importance of improving minimally traumatic surgery techniques in dentistry. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model, following the rules of systematic review – PRISMA. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The present study was carried out from January to March 2022. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 121 articles were found. A total of 86 articles were fully evaluated and 27 were included in this study. Since the most primordial extraction techniques were created and developed, several attempts have been made to minimize the professional's effort, reduce surgical time and alleviate bleeding and the inflammatory processes, edema, pain, and ecchymosis that can affect patients, in trans and postoperative periods. Thus, maximum preservation of the integrity of soft tissues (papilla and free and attached gingiva) adjacent to the prosthetic spaces should be sought, and preservation of the level of the alveolar bone ridge, minimizing surgical trauma. Conclusion: There are many attempts to minimize the professional's effort, reduce surgical time and alleviate bleeding and inflammatory processes, edema, pain, and ecchymosis that can affect patients. Thus, maximum preservation of the integrity of the soft tissues adjacent to the prosthetic spaces and the preservation of the level of the alveolar bone ridge should be sought to achieve the minimization of surgical trauma