In this experimental work, hard photons produced in heavy-ion collisions at intermediateenergies have been used in order to study hot and compressed nuclear matter created inthese collisions. The experiments have been performed at GANIL by the TAPScollaboration. We have found that bremsstrahlung radiation emitted in np collisions is themain mechanism of hard-photon production for the whole range of impact parameter.Moreover, we have observed a substantial decrease of the hardness of hard-photonspectrum. The BUU model reproduce very well our experimental results, showing thatthe hardness of the spectrum reflects, mainly, nuclear-matter compression in the firststage of the collision. We have developed a new méthode to measure the density of t...