La violencia intrafamiliar y su afectación en la salud mental en los adultos mayores

Over time, the human being experiences a series of changes associated with the aging process, generating different transitions in biological, psychological and social aspects given by the progressive increase in the life expectancy of the population that influences family relationships. The purpose of this study was to characterize domestic violence from the type of abuse that affects mental health in older adults who receive care from the Ministry of economic and social inclusion through a cooperation agreement with the autonomous decentralized parish government of San Jacinto del Búa de the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. A non-experimental research with a cross-sectional descriptive design was carried out in a population of 40 older adults who underwent a sociodemographic survey, applying the geriatric scale of elder abuse and the general health questionnaire -12. The result of this work has yielded relevant data, predominantly in the age group of 71 to 80 years, especially the female sex, as the one that has suffered the most psychological, financial and negligence abuse from their relatives, affecting their mental health. Concluding that the mistreatment generated by domestic violence is related to the presence of psychopathological alterations in the mental health of older adults, disturbing them emotionally, which reflects the need to guarantee respect for their dignity and the exercise of their rights. Keywords: Older adult, violence, old age, mental health.Al pasar el tiempo el ser humano experimenta una serie de cambios asociados con el proceso del envejecimiento generando diferentes transiciones en los aspectos biológicos, psicológicos y sociales dado por el aumento progresivo de la expectativa de vida de la población que influye en las relaciones familiares. El propósito del presente trabajo fue caracterizar la violencia intrafamiliar desde la tipología de maltratos que afectan la salud mental en los adultos mayores que reciben atención del Ministerio de inclusión económica y social mediante convenio de cooperación con el Gobierno autónomo descentralizado parroquial de San Jacinto del Búa de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Se llevo a cabo una investigación no experimental de diseño descriptivo tipo transversal en una población de 40 adultos mayores a quienes se les realizó una encuesta sociodemográfica aplicándose la escala geriátrica de maltrato al adulto mayor y el cuestionario de salud general -12. El resultado de este trabajo ha arrojado datos relevantes predominando el grupo etario de 71 a 80 años, sobre todo el sexo femenino como el que más maltrato de tipo psicológico, financiero y negligencia ha sufrido por parte de sus familiares afectando su salud mental. Concluyendo que el maltrato generado por la violencia intrafamiliar se relaciona con la presencia de alteraciones psicopatológicas en la salud mental de los adultos mayores perturbándoles emocionalmente, lo que refleja la necesidad de garantizar el respeto de su dignidad y el ejercicio de sus derechos. Palabras clave: Adulto mayor, violencia, vejez, salud mental. Abstract Over time, the human being experiences a series of changes associated with the aging process, generating different transitions in biological, psychological and social aspects given by the progressive increase in the life expectancy of the population that influences family relationships. The purpose of this study was to characterize domestic violence from the type of abuse that affects mental health in older adults who receive care from the Ministry of economic and social inclusion through a cooperation agreement with the autonomous decentralized parish government of San Jacinto del Búa de the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. A non-experimental research with a cross-sectional descriptive design was carried out in a population of 40 older adults who underwent a sociodemographic survey, applying the geriatric scale of elder abuse and the general health questionnaire -12. The result of this work has yielded relevant data, predominantly in the age group of 71 to 80 years, especially the female sex, as the one that has suffered the most psychological, financial and negligence abuse from their relatives, affecting their mental health. Concluding that the mistreatment generated by domestic violence is related to the presence of psychopathological alterations in the mental health of older adults, disturbing them emotionally, which reflects the need to guarantee respect for their dignity and the exercise of their rights. Keywords: Older adult, violence, old age, mental health