Extracellular Matrix in Tumor Angiogenesis

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex three-dimensional network that provides structure, strength, and contextual information for cellular growth, communication, differentiation, survival, adhesion, and migration. ECM basic proteins resist compressive forces and/or allow rapid diffusion, others strengthen the matrix, and give resilience or modulate cell-matrix interactions. ECM undergoes turnover and remodeling physiologically and during inflammation, wound repair and tumor invasion. Remodeling of the ECM is an integral component of the angiogenic process and depends on the composition of matrix molecules, soluble pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, and their spatial regulation. This review will focus on the myriad roles of those molecules and will emphasize their involvement in critical points of angiogenesis