Effect of molecular characteristics on cellular uptake, subcellular localization, and phototoxicity of Zn(2) N-Alkylpyridylporphyrins

Background: Delivering molecules to selected cellular compartments is important for analytical and practical purposes. Results: Varying the length and positions of alkyl substituents results in preferential uptake of zinc porphyrins by particular cellular structures. Conclusion: Uptake, distribution, and phototoxicity of porphyrins depend on charge, lipophilicity, and molecular shape. Significance: Systematic chemical modification provides the basis for rational design of molecules targeting specific cellular compartments. © 2013 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc