COMPARISON OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN SURGICAL AND COVID-19 PATIENTS

Infekcija mokraćnog sustava općeniti je naziv za infekciju lokaliziranu u bilo kojem dijelu mokraćnog sustava. Infekcije mokraćnog sustava obuhvaćaju niz kliničkih sindroma i bolesti koje se međusobno razlikuju prema etiologiji, težini poremećaja općeg stanja i općim simptomima infekcije, izraženosti lokalnih simptoma, sklonosti recidiva, riziku od nastanka komplikacija, ordiniranoj antimikrobnoj terapiji, ishodu i prognozi. Infekcije mokraćnog sustava povezane s kateterom (CAUTI) jedne su od najčešćih infekcija povezanih sa zdravstvenom skrbi i procjenjuje se da je u jedinicama intenzivne medicine do 95% mokraćnih infekcija povezanih s trajnim kateterom. Nakon kateterizacije mokraćnog mjehura rizik za stjecanje bakterijske infekcije povezane s kateterom povećava se tijekom vremena s prosječnim dnevnim rizikom od 3 do 10% po danu. Cilj istraživanja bila je usporedba demografskih i laboratorijskih karakteristika bolesnika i uzročnika infekcija mokraćnog sustava u Jedinici intenzivne medicine kirurških bolesnika (JIM) (od 01. 12. 2019. do 29. 02. 2020.) i Jedinice intenzivne medicine Covid-19 bolesnika (tzv. Primarni respiratorno-intenzivistički centar - PRIC) (od 01. 02. 2021. do 30. 04. 2021.) liječenih u Kliničkoj bolnici Dubrava. Istražena je učestalost uroinfekcija u bolesnika s Covidom-19 u odnosu na kirurške bolesnike. Istražene su ulazne vrijednosti laboratorijskih parametara u odnosu na učestalost uroinfekcija zbog podložnosti bolesnika infekcijama. Studija je retrospektivno istraživanje digitalne baze podataka bolesnika u gore navedenom razdoblju. Podaci dobiveni istraživanjem mogu biti vrlo korisni za znanstvenu analizu koja nas može dovesti do zaključka i promišljanja u korist bolesnika i zdravstvenih djelatnika. Istraživanje je provedeno u skladu s etičkim načelima i Zakonu o zaštiti osobnih podataka. Iz rezultata je vidljivo da su bolesnici oboljeli od pneumonije uzrokovane virusom Covid-19 bili puno podložniji razvoju CAUTI naspram Covid-19 negativnih bolesnika (P < 0.001) uz vrlo slične bazalne karakteristike.Urinary tract infection is the general term for an infection localized in any part of the urinary tract. Urinary tract infections include several clinical syndromes and diseases that differ according toetiology, severity of general disorders and general symptoms of infection, severity of local symptoms, propensity to recurrence, risk of complications, prescribed antimicrobial therapy, outcome and prognosis. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are one of the most common healthcare-associated infections and it is estimated that in intensive care units up to 95% of urinary tractinfections are associated with an indwelling catheter. Following bladder catheterization, the risk ofacquiring a catheter-associated bacterial infection increases over time with an average daily risk of 3 – 10% per day. The aim of this study was to compare the demographic and laboratory characteristics of patients and causative agents of urinary tract infections in the surgical ICU (from 01. 12. 2019 to 29. 02. 2020) and the Unit of Intensive Care Covid-19 patients (Primary respiratory intensive centre (PRIC-IC)) from February 1, 2021 to April 30, 2021 treated at the University Hospital Dubrava. The incidence of urinary tract infections in patients with Covid-19 compared to surgical patients was investigated as were values of laboratory parameters and demographic characteristics of the patients that havedeveloped CAUTI. The study is performed as a retrospective investigation of a digital database of patients in the above-mentioned period. The data obtained from the research can be very useful for scientific analysis that can lead us to a conclusion and reflection in favour of patients and health professionals. The research was conductedin accordance with ethical principles and the Personal Data Protection Act. The results show that patients with Covid-19 pneumonia were much more susceptible to developing CAUTI versus Covid-19 negative patients (P < 0.001) with very similar basal characteristics