Eye-Tracking Assistive Technologies for Individuals with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as ALS, is a progressive nervous system disorderthat affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in the loss of muscle control. For individualswith ALS, where mobility is limited to the movement of the eyes, the use of eye-tracking-based applicationscan be applied to achieve some basic tasks with certain digital interfaces. This paper presents a review ofexisting eye-tracking software and hardware through which eye-tracking their application is sketched asan assistive technology to cope with ALS. Eye-tracking also provides a suitable alternative as control ofgame elements. Furthermore, artificial intelligence has been utilized to improve eye-tracking technologywith significant improvement in calibration and accuracy. Gaps in literature are highlighted in the study tooffer a direction for future research