Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Ekstrak dan Tepung Ikan Gabus dan Potensinya sebagai Imunomodulator: Isolation and Characterization Extract and Powder from Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) and It Potency as Immunomodulator Stocks.

Ikan gabus (Channa striata) mengandung fraksi protein albumin yang besar dan potensial digunakan sebagai biofarmasi serta bahan substitusi albumin manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan lama waktu pengukusan dan profil tepung ikan serta ekstrak daging dan ekstrak daging ikan dengan penyaringan dari ikan gabus sebagai sediaan imunomodulator. Ekstraksi albumin menggunakan metode pengukusan dengam lama pengukusan berbeda (10, 15, 20, dan 25 menit) dan albumin dianalisis menggunakan metode Bromocresol Green (BCG). Penelitian ini meliputi analisis proksimat dan logam berat ikan gabus, ekstraksi, analisis mineral, kadar albumin, berat molekul menggunakan SDS-PAGE, gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR, ukuran partikel dan asam amino. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa daging ikan gabus mengandung air 80,93%, lemak 1,37%, protein 16,76%, abu 0,65% dan karbohidrat 1,28%. Kandungan logam berat daging ikan gabus yaitu Hg 0,013-0,28 ppm dan Pb 0-0,637 ppm. Ekstraksi menghasilkan albumin daging segar 4,8 g/100 mL, ektrak daging 3,76 g/100mL, ekstrak daging dengan penyaringan 4,6g/100 mL dan tepung ikan 3,8 g/100 mL. Tepung ikan mengandung kadar protein 85,80%, air 9,26%, abu 2,67%, lemak 2,06% dan energi total 362,58 kkal/ 100 g. Ekstrak daging dengan penyaringan mengandung asam amino serina, lisina, asam aspartat, alanina, dan asam glutamat, serapan gelombang albumin 1.644,96 dengan berat molekul 63 hingga 70 kDa dan terdapat molekul IgG sebagai sediaan imunomodulator.Channa striata contains high protein albumin fraction that potentially used as a biofarma and human albumin substitution material. This research was aimed to determine the length time of steaming and profiling albumin powder and fish meat extract with filtration as immunomodulator stocks. Ekstraction of albumin conducted using steaming method with four variety of time (10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes) and the albumin was analyzed using Bromocresol Green (BCG) method. This research was included proximat analysis and heavy metal of C. striata, extraction, mineral analysis, albumin content, molecul weight used SDS-PAGE, functional groups used FTIR, particle size and amino acid. This research showed that moisture content of C. striata around 80.93%, fat 1.37%, protein 16.76%, ash 0.65% and carbohydrate 1.28%. Heavy metal included 0.013- 0.28 ppm of Hg and 0-0.63 ppm of Pb. Albumin analysed from fresh meat was reached 4.8 g/100 mL, meat extraction produced 3.76 g/100 mL, meat extraction with filtration 4.6 g/100 mL (wet) and fish powder 3.8 g/100 mL. Fish powder contained 85.80% protein, 9.26% moisture, 2.67% ash, 2.06% fat, and 0.21% total carbohydrate. Amino acids of meat extract with filtration comprised serine, lysine, aspartic, alanine, and glutamic. Albumin wave absorption used Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysed was at 1644.96, molecul weight 63 to 70 kDa and there was IgG molecules that potential as an immunomodulator stocks