Study on the network load in distributed interactive simulation

This paper studies the dead-reckoning equations used in Distributed Interactive Simulation. Dead-reckoning equations of orders zero, one, two, and three are derived. These equations are then used in the dead reckoning of a test flight trajectory. The update rates against various thresholds are used to compare the effectiveness of the equations. The conclusions are: (1) For the dead-reckoning equations of order one and two, the most effective equations are the ones that utilize the latest update information on position, velocity, and acceleration. (2) The update rate reduces as the order of the dead-reckoning equation increases. However, the update rate differences between the second-order and third-order equations for position, and between the first-order and second-order equations for orientation are relatively small. Hence, a combination of second-order equation for position and first-order equation for orientation is a better choice