A Clinical Study of Assessment of Antecedents and Risk Factors in Preterm Labour and Prevention of Preterm Morbidity and Mortality

In the present study majority of study participants are in between the age group of 20-25 year. • Majority of participants are in between 32-37 weeks of gestational age. • Among them 72% population belongs to low socioeconomic class. BMI between 18.5-24 are mostly involved. • IUGR, Oligohydramnios, GHTN, GDM, multiple pregnancies are most common risk factors for preterm labour. • In the study conducted by Gregory [et al.], 2008, conducted among 1140 preterm babies. 30% of babies are iugr. This study concludes that preterm babies with iugr have neurological abnormalities. • In the study conducted by Hyagriv N [et al.] 2005, PPROM is responsible for 75% of preterm birth. This study concludes that gestational age between 32-34 weeks are commonly involved in preterm labour. Those patients have to be hospitalized and managed with iv antibiotics and an steroids. Women with PPROM after 32 weeks of gestation should be considered for delivery, and after 34weeks the benefits of delivery clarly out weigh the risk. In the study conducted by Alves C [et al.] 2021, spontaneous abortions are commonly seen < 20 weeks of gestational age. 38% of these patients are underwent for preterm delivery in the subsequent pregnancy in between 32-34 weeks. Ansteroids are more commonly given between Gestational age of 28-36+6 wks (RCOG). Total study participants among 28-34weeks are 40.76% of preterm babies are without RD, PDA and NEC.75% of babies with out An steroids are affected with RDS, NEC and PDA. In Study of Judith MWansa – kambafwile, simon cousens and joy E lawn about Antenatal steroids in preterm labour for the prevention of neonatal deaths due to complications of preterm birth. CONCLUSION: Preterm labour is a multifactorial condition associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality, particularly at early gestational ages. The treatment of established preterm labour should be directed towards identifying those women in whom a delay in delivery is likely to be beneficial and those in whom it may be deleterious in terms of neonatal or infant outcome. Although there is little hard evidence that tocolysis improves the outcome for the baby, most obstetricians treat threatened uncomplicated preterm labour in order to administer steroids or transfer the mother to an appropriate hospital. • This study brings out the important risk for preterm delivery at Vellore Medical College. The neonatal mortality and morbidity in preterm depends on the gestational age at admission, the time between onset of labor pain to delivery, ie time left for administration of antenatal steroids and mgso4 for neuroprotection in extreme preterm, clinical presentation of patient like PROM, abruption, placenta previa, etc. In our study with administration of antenatal steroids and mgso4 in patient with threatened preterm delivery brings out better neonatal outcome than compared to patient delivered without steroids