Phytochemical Evaluation, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Screening of Some Indian Medicinal Plants

The present research findings has summarized below, 1. Presence of antidiabetic and antioxidant phytoconstituents such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, ferulic acid in METGF and catechin, epicatechin, ellagic acid, gallic acid in AETPB was characterized. 2. METGF and AETPB in rat were non-toxic and found to be safe up to 2000mg/kg dose. 3. In vivo studies confirmed that METGF and AETPB possess significant antidiabetic and antioxidant activity effect in type1 and 2 diabetic rats. 4. In vitro studies confirmed that α-glucosidase, pancreatic α-amylase enzyme inhibition and enhancement of glucose uptake action on skeletal muscle cells. In vitro study results revealed that antidiabetic activity of METGF and AETPB may possibly mediate via above mechanisms. 5. Interpretation of present study data with published scientific reports revealed that phytoconstituents characterized in METGF and AETPB possess antidiabetic activity. The characterized phytoconstituents acts through multiple mechanisms and control blood glucose levels in diabetes. Antioxidant property of phytoconstituents has additional therapeutic benefit for its antidiabetic action. Moreover, present study revealed that gallic acid, quercetin and rutin possess glucose uptake action effect in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells which has given additional scientific support for the METGF and AETPB antidiabetic action. In conclusion, results obtained from present study scientifically supported the antidiabetic and antioxidant property of METGF and AETPB. The proposed multiple mechanisms (Figure 42 and 43) for the antidiabetic activity of METGF and AETPB may be due to cytoprotective action on pancreatic β-cell, improvement in insulin secretion, glucose uptake action in adipocytes, muscles and liver, inhibition of intestinal alpha-glucosidase and pancreatic alpha-amylase enzyme. The antidiabetic biomarker gallic acid, ellagic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, catechin and epicatechin acts via multiple mechanisms and hence observed antidiabetic activity of METGF and AETPB possibly due to synergistic action of above antidiabetic biomarkers. Thus, the preclinical research has given valid scientific evidence for the traditional use of Indian medicinal plants Tectona grandis flowers and Terminalia paniculata bark in the treatment of diabetes