Particles emitted by steel plant constitute an important atmospheric pollutant because of toxic agents that they may contain. Among them, Cd, Pb and Zn are particularly considered in the survey of air quality and are largely emitted by steel industry. Speciation of an element, more than its concentration, governs its toxicity properties and its behavior in the environment. Thus, in a first part, after mineralogical characterization of dust from metallurgical emitters (basic oxygen furnace and sintering plant), we determined using several tools (X-Rays diffraction, EXAFS, chemical extractions...) the speciation of Cd, Zn and Pb in these emissions. In a second part, a preliminary study of dust effect on cells and rats has been conducted. This...