Analisa Pengaruh Jarak Semprot Nozzle Dan Variasi Bukaan Katup Pengatur Debit Air Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Turbin Pelton

As one of the greatest natural resources that Indonesia has is water. In Indonesia, there are 1315 areas that have the potential to become a source of hydroelectric energy, and these areas are spread throughout the Indonesian archipelago. The water can be used to drive a water turbine. The type of water turbine used is the Pelton turbine, the Pelton turbine is a turbine that is used as a micro hydro power plant (PLTMH) in rural areas. The Pelton turbine utilizes a nozzle as a regulator of the direction of water flow to move the turbine blade rotation. In this study, I used an experimental method with nozzle spray distances to the turbine blades of 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, and 90 mm with variations of the water flow control valve openings of 60⁰ and 90⁰, and tested performance using a Pelton turbine. From the results of the study, it was found that the performance test and analysis carried out showed that there was an effect of the nozzle spray distance and valve opening variations on the Pelton turbine performance, the best was obtained with a nozzle spray distance of 50 mm and a variation of the valve opening of the water flow control valve 90⁰, which obtained torque ( T ) is 2.32 Nm, turbine angulation speed ( ω ) is 91.79 rad/s, turbine power ( Pt ) is 212 Watt, hydraulic power ( Ph ) is 248 Watt, and efficiency ( ŋ ) is 85.48