Analisis Permintaan dan Penawaran Beras Di Indonesia

Rice is the staple food of the Indonesian population. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence rice demand and supply, and the impact of government policies on rice demand and supply in Indonesia. This research was conducted using the library study method which was analyzed using the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) method. The results showed that the real price of Indonesian rice had a significantly negative effect on the demand for rice with an inelastic response. Whereas the real price of broiler eggs, the real income of the Indonesian population, the population of Indonesia, and the demand for rice in the previous year had a significantly positive effect on the demand for rice with an inelastic response. Then, the real price of Indonesian rice, the trend of time, and the supply of rice in the previous year had a positive significant effect on the supply of rice in Indonesia with an inelastic response. While the real price of urea fertilizer has a significant negative effect on the supply of rice with an inelastic response. The most appropriate policy to be suggested to the government is a combination of policies to increase harvest area and real price of grain at the farm level. Due to the existence of this policy, it was able to cause rice and rice production to increase so that rice imports declined