Estado, violencia, violencia de Estado. Una panorámica sobre el continente americano, en la segunda mitad del siglo XX

In this essay, we present a general outline, a conceptual and analytical overview to historicize the beginnings of the processes that led to State terrorism. But it is not an essay on the origins of state terrorism. On the contrary, it is a reading about the survival of ways of doing and thinking that are con- stantly at the root of current phenomena and that, instead, are usually presented as an exceptional re- birth of violence. It is necessary to understand how exploitation, domination and violence, intertwined in their capacity to produce terror, intensified during the Cold War at the hand of imperialism, in a coun- terrevolutionary conception to combat communism. If these processes are historicized, analyzing each of the experiences, locating them in a meaningful whole, inserting them in the discourse or thought that sustains it will be the Metis of the state terrorism under the seat of Zeus. Although each national process responds to specific circumstances (linked to the way and when the practices of state violence have oc- curred, as well as to the actors involved), it is necessary to underline the common characteristics that allow identifying their fundamental characteristics through an analysis of their Its roots and its effects, regardless of its secondary aspects.En este ensayo presentamos unas líneas generales, una panorámica conceptual y analítica para historizar los comienzos de los procesos que condujeron al terrorismo de Estado. Pero no es un ensa- yo sobre los orígenes del terrorismo de Estado. Por el contrario, es una lectura sobre la pervivencia de formas de hacer y de pensar que, de manera constante, están en la raíz de fenómenos actuales y que, en cambio, suelen ser presentados como un renacimiento excepcional de la violencia. Es necesario entender cómo la explotación, la dominación y la violencia, entrelazadas en su capacidad de producir terror e ins- criptas en una concepción contrarrevolucionaria para combatir el comunismo, se intensifican durante la guerra fría de la mano del imperialismo