Antimicrobial Resistant Pattern of Isolates from Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Patients in intensive care units are more vulnerable and have a higher risk of Hospital acquire infection in comparison to non-critical patient’s wards. We determine the Microbial spectrum and their antimicrobial resistant pattern of isolates from intensive care units of tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for a period of 6 months and a total of 65 patients from the surgical intensive care unit and medical intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital were sampled for the possible pathogen. Non-probability convenient sampling techniques were used to enrolled patients and samples were transported to the pathology department for culture and anti-microbial resistant pattern. Data were analyzed on SPPS version 19 using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Chi-square test were used for possible association and p value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Both gram-positive and gram-negative isolates additional to fungi were prevalent in the intensive care unit with the most frequent isolates being Acinetobacter species followed by Enterobacteriaceae and P. Aeruginosa respectively. Amikacin, Doxycycline, Linezolid, Tigecycline, and Vancomycin have a low resistant pattern for both Staph aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) while Cephalosporin including cefepime (58%), and minocycline (35%) along with polymyxin B shows the lower resistance pattern for Acinetobacter and other gram-negative isolates. Conclusion: Tigecycline, vancomycin, cefepime, and polymyxin B were used as empiric therapy agents in severe conditions however a larger scale study is required for calculating optimized therapeutic regime for each agent. The physician and hospital guidelines should adhere to the monitoring of antimicrobials to limit the upsurge of resistance patterns among different pathogenic organisms.Keywords: Anti-Microbial; Resistant; Intensive care unit; Hospital acquire Infection