International audienceThis book, which was awarded with the prize Georges Dumezil 2016 by the French Academy, provides an overview of the origin and history of the old alphabets used until nowadays by the Tuaregs and describes the way there are used.These alphabets derived from much older ones, which are usually said to be “Libyan” or “Libyco-Berber”. Libyco-Berber inscriptions are found throughout a region stretching from Libya to Morocco and even the Canary Islands — sometimes along with Punic or Latin engravings. Owing to the discovery in Dougga (Tunisia) of two bilingual Libyco-Punic inscriptions dating from the 2nd century BC (one of them dedicated to the Numidic king Massinissa), one of the variants of the Libyco-Berber alphabet has b...