Hybrid Composites for Railway and Transportation Uses – A Review

The transportation industry with airways, road transportation, shipping, and railways is a huge market for composites both military and civil applications. The need for sustainable and lightweight solutions triggered the need for composite materials. There are many different approaches for composite materials design and manufacturing to optimize the properties in strength, acoustic, and many more like such as ballistic, thermal management, and so onetc. The use of various reinforcing elements for various resins created endless options for materials scientists and designers. Among a variety of possibilities, the use of hybrid reinforcement has been quite a new approach for the composites, which is analogous to composite to optimize the performance of the final properties, such as impact, ultimate tensile strength, modulus value, thermal properties, and other properties. In this review article, the future of the transportation sectors, the advantages of railway transportation in this area, and an overview of the railway and transportation industry are presented. Definitions of hybrid composites are made and examples of applications of hybrid composites used in the railway industry are shown. Studies and research in this field were examined and, in this perspective, the contribution of hybrid composites to future studies is stated