In A Flash: Retinoblastoma Screening and Diagnostic Therapies

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the diagnosis of retinoblastoma, inclusive of the two-hit genetic theory, treatment options, and screening examination with the benefits associated with early detection. Method: A PubMed literature search was conducted with search terms retinoblastoma, two-hit hypothesis, red reflex, and leukocoria. Pertinent articles were retrieved and served as the basis for this clinical review. Results: A lack of continued evidence-based research demonstrating different screening techniques reveals current approaches and information are still the standards of care. Conclusion: Retinoblastoma is a form of pediatric ocular cancer. Patients are diagnosed through medical examination, though non-medical persons also play an integral role in detection. Leukocoria in a photograph is the most common sign of this disease. Early detection of this cancer can be both sight-saving and lifesaving. Further research of phone applications can be investigated as new technology is available