Characterization of waveguides obtained by proton exchange on a LiNbO3 substrate

Waveguides obtained by proton exchange in LiNbO3 were characterized by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and m-lines technique. Additional micro-Raman investigations evidenced marked changes in the spectra of the waveguide with respect to the substrate. This suggests that micro-Raman spectroscopy may constitute a direct non-destructive method to determine the depth of the exchanged layer, with a limit which is set by the diffraction-limited spot siz