Impact of nonlinear hydrodynamic modelling on geometric optimisation of a spherical heaving point absorber

Due to the amount of iterative computation involved, researchers involved in geometric optimisation of wave energy devices typically employ linear hydrodynamic models. However, the exaggerated motion of wave energy devices, aided by energy maximising control action, challenges the assumptions upon which linear hydrodynamic modelling relies. Furthermore, the optimal device geometry is also sensitive to the nature of the energy-maximisation controller employed, and to the set of wave conditions over which the optimisation is carried out. In order to focus on the essential issues, this study takes the simplest possible device for optimisation, a heaving sphere (with just one free parameter), but one which exhibits nonlinear hydrodynamic characteristics, due to the non-uniform cross-sectional area. The study examines the sensitivity to the inclusion of nonlinear Froude-Krylov forces. In addition, the sensitivity of the optimal device size to differences in the applied control algorithm is also studied, as are effects due to different representative sea state representations and performance evaluation criteria