Religious Education Between Minorities and Majorities: Exploring the Problems of Islamic Education in Responding to the Era of Globalization and Modernity

Abstract: Religious Education Between Minorities and Majorities: Exploring the Problems of Islamic Education in Responding to the Era of Globalization and Modernity. Objectives: This study aims to explores the dynamics of Islamic Education discourse in Western and Eastern countries such as Indonesia in response to the Globalization Era and 21st Century Modernity. Methods: The research uses a qualitative approach, where data collection uses literature study techniques. The data we collect from scientific research with sources from Scopus, Web of Science, and Sinta. As for data analysis using Miles and Huberman steps. Findings: The different characteristics between the West, which is dominated by empirical and secular currents of thought, and Indonesia, which is based on religious values. Conclusion: Islamic religious education in the West has a secular character that is based on philosophical views of rationalism, empiricism, relativism, capitalism, humanism, and positivism, in contrast to the educational process in the East, which tends to be based on religious principles based on revelations, both the Qur’an and the Qur’an. As-Sunnah.Keywords: Islamic education, globalization, modernity.Abstrak: Pendidikan Agama Islam Antara Minoritas dan Mayoritas: Menggali Problematika Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Menjawab Era Globalisasi dan Modernitas. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali dinamika wacana Pendidikan Islam di negara-negara Barat dan Timur seperti Indonesia dalam menghadapi Era Globalisasi dan Modernitas Abad 21. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dimana pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik literature review. Data kami kumpulkan dari penelitian ilmiah dengan sumber dari Scopus, Web of Science, dan Sinta. Sedangkan untuk analisis data menggunakan langkah Miles dan Huberman. Temuan: Perbedaan karakteristik antara Barat yang didominasi oleh aliran pemikiran empiris dan sekuler, sedangkan di Indonesia yang didasarkan pada nilai-nilai agama. Kesimpulan: Pendidikan agama Islam di Barat memiliki karakter sekuler yang didasarkan pada pandangan filosofis rasionalisme, empirisme, relativisme, kapitalisme, humanisme, dan positivisme, berbeda dengan proses pendidikan di Timur yang cenderung bertumpu pada prinsip-prinsip agama berdasarkan wahyu, baik al-Qur’an maupun al-Qur’an. As-Sunnah.Kata kunci: pendidikan Agama Islam, globalisasi, modernitas.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v12.i1.20221