Pemantapan Satuan Panas sebagai Kriteria Panen Pisang Raja Bulu

Penentuan waktu panen pisang Raja Bulu berdasarkan umur buah menyebabkan kualitas matang pascapanen (matang peram) yang tidak seragam antar tandan. Penentuan kriteria panen yang lebih tepat telah dilakukan dengan mengkonversi umur bunga antesis hingga panen ke akumulasi satuan panas dan mendapatkan akumulasi satuan panas optimum 1 400 oC hari pada pertanaman pisang Raja Bulu di dataran rendah (± 10 m dpl). Untuk memantapkan hasil tersebut telah dilakukan percobaan dengan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dari 3 waktu antesis berinterval satu minggu dengan 4 ulangan pada satuan panas 1 400 oC hari. Penandaan bunga antesis dilakukan di Kebun Parakansalak, PTPN VIII, Sukabumi (670 m dpl) pada Juli 2018. Observasi pascapanen dilakukan di Laboratorium Pascapanen Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB. Akumulasi satuan panas 1 400  oC hari dicapai pada 88-91 hari setelah antesis. Tingkat matang peram (skala warna kulit 6) dicapai pada 11-14 hari setelah panen. Pada tingkat matang peram yang sama perbedaan waktu antesis tidak mempengaruhi kriteria matang peram buah pisang Raja Bulu yang meliputi umur simpan, susut bobot, laju respirasi, kekerasan buah, kandungan padatan terlarut total, kandungan asam tertitrasi total, dan kandungan vitamin C. Kata kunci: antesis, matang peram, pascapanen, umur buah, umur simpanThe determination of the harvest time for Raja Bulu banana based on the age of the fruit causes the post-harvest ripe quality is not uniform between bunches. Determination of more precise harvest criteria has been carried out by converting the age of the flower anthesis to fruit harvest to the accumulated heat unit and obtaining the optimum heat unit accumulation of 1400  oC days in Raja Bulu banana plantations in the low lands (± 10 m asl). To confirm these results, an experiment was carried out with a complete randomized block design of 3 anthesis times with one week intervals with 4 replications at heat units of 1400 oC days. The anthesis flower tagging was carried out at Parakansalak Garden, PTPN VIII, Sukabumi (670 m asl) In July 2018. Postharvest observations were carried out at the Postharvest Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB. The heat unit accumulation of 1400 oC days was achieved at 88 – 91 days after anthesis. The postharvest ripeness (skin color scale 6) was reached at 11 – 14 days after harvest. At the similar ripe level, the difference in anthesis time did not affect the postharvest ripeness criteria for Raja Bulu banana fruit which included shelf life, weight loss, respiration rate, fruit hardness, total soluble solids, total titrated acid, and vitamin C contents. Keywords: anthesis, fruit age, postharvest ripeness, shelf-lif