Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk KNO3 Putih dan Kompos Jerami Padi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk KNO3 Putih dan Kompos Jerami Padi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)Effect of Dosage of White KNO3 Fertilizer and Rice Straw Compost on the Growth and Yield of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) Lia Novita Wahyuni1, Erita Hayati2, Nurhayati2 1Mahasiswa Program Studi Agroteknologi PSDKU Gayo Lues, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiak Kuala2Staf Dosen Program Studi Agroteknologi PSDKU Gayo Lues, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala Abstrak. Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas tanamanHortikultura yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi dan banyak di konsumsi sebagai campuran bumbu masak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis pupuk KNO3 putih dan kompos jerami padi, serta interaksi antara kedua perlakuan tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di kampung Persiapan Aih Sejuk Kecamatan Blangkejeren Kabupaten Gayo Lues, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Maret 2021. penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 4 dengan 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 36 satuan percobaan. Ada dua faktor yang diteliti yaitu dosis pupuk KNO3 putih dan dosis pupuk kompos jerami padi. Faktor pertama dosis pupuk KNO3 putih terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 400, 450 dan 500 kg ha-1dan faktor kedua kompos jerami padi terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu 0, 10, 20 30 ton ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis pupuk KNO3 putih berpengaruh sanggat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 45 HST, bobot berangkasan basah per rumpun, bobot umbi basah per rumpun, bobot berangkasan kering per rumpun, bobot umbi kering per rumpun, bobot umbi per plot netto dan potensi hasil namun, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 15 dan 30 HST, jumlah umbi per rumpun dan diameter umbi. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah terbaik dijumpai pada dosis pupuk KNO3 putih 500 kg ha-1. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompos jerami padi. Berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap bobot berangkasan basah per rumpun, bobot umbi basah per rumpun, bobot berangkasan kering per rumpun, bobot umbi kering per rumpun, diameter umbi, bobot umbi per plot netto dan potensi hasil namun, berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 15 HST dan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 30, 45 HST dan jumlah umbi per rumpun. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah terbaik dijumpai pada kompos jerami padi 30 ton ha-1.Terdapat interaksi yang sangat nyata antara dosis pupuk KNO3 putih dengan kompos jerami padi terhadap bobot berangkasan basah per rumpun, bobot umbi basah per rumpun, bobot berangkasan kering per rumpun, bobot umbi kering per rumpun, bobot umbi per plot netto dan potensi hasil, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 15, 30, 45 HST, jumlah umbi per rumpun dan diameter umbi. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah terbaik dijumpai pada kombinasi dosis pupuk KNO3 putih 500 kg ha-1 dengan kompos jerami padi 30 ton ha-1. Kata kunci : Pupuk KNO3 Putih, Kompos Jerami Padi, Bawang Merah. Abstract. Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the horticultural crop commodities which has a high economic value and is widely consumed as a mixture of cooking spices. This study aims to determine the dose of white KNO3 fertilizer and rice straw compost, as well as the interaction between the two treatments on the growth and yield of shallots. This research was carried out in the Preparation village of Aih Sejuk, Blangkejeren District, Gayo Lues Regency, which was carried out from January 2021 to March 2021. This study used a 3 x 4 factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 3 replications, so there were 36 experimental units. . There are two factors studied, namely the dose of white KNO3 fertilizer and the dose of rice straw compost. The first factor was the dose of white KNO3 fertilizer consisting of 3 levels, namely 400, 450 and 500 kg ha-1 and the second factor was rice straw compost consisting of 4 levels, namely 0, 10, 20 30 tons ha-1. The results showed that the dose of white KNO3 fertilizer had a very significant effect on plant height at 45 DAP, wet tuber weight per clump, wet tuber weight per clump, dry tuber weight per clump, dry tuber weight per clump, tuber weight per net plot and yield potential. However, it had no significant effect on plant height at 15 and 30 DAP, number of tubers per clump and tuber diameter. The best growth and yield of shallots was found at a dose of white KNO3 fertilizer of 500 kg ha-1. Furthermore, the results showed that rice straw compost. had a very significant effect on the weight of wet tuber per clump, weight of wet tuber per clump, weight of dry tuber per clump, weight of dry tuber per clump, tuber diameter, tuber weight per net plot and yield potential, however, had a significant effect on plant height 15 DAP and had an effect on not significant for plant height 30, 45 DAP and number of tubers per clump. Growth and the best yield of shallots was found in rice straw compost of 30 tons ha-1. There was a very significant interaction between the dose of white KNO3 fertilizer and rice straw compost on the growth of wet tuber weight per clump, wet tuber weight per clump, dry root weight per clump , dry tuber weight per clump, tuber weight per net plot and yield potential, but had no significant effect on plant height 15, 30, 45 DAP, number of tubers per clump and tuber diameter. The best growth and yield of shallots was found in the combination dose of white KNO3 fertilizer 500 kg ha-1 with rice straw compost 30 tons ha-1. Keywords : White KNO3 Fertilizer, Rice Straw Compost, Shallots.