We planned the exploration of plant genetic resources in Pakistan as a two-year project funded by IBPGR. This project aimed at the collection of rice, millets and grain legumes germplasm and was completed through the exploration missions in 1989 and 1991. The project in 1991 focused on Northern Pakistan including the North-West Frontier Province, Gilgit Agency and Punjab Province. Through the exploration in these areas, we collected 412 samples of 28 crop species (Table 1). We carefully avoided duplicated sampling of the same variety by visting different valleys or villages even when the same local area was explored in both 1989 and 1991. A total of 1117 samples were collected from Pakistan by the exploration in 1989 and 1991