COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INSURANCE MARKET OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA AND THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA IN THE PERIOD FROM 2016 TO 2018 : Graduate paper

Pojam osiguranja najčešće se povezuje sa pojmom rizika. Kako osoba nije u mogućnosti ukloniti rizike koji joj se pojavljuju tijekom života, jedan od načina upravljanja rizicima je osiguranje. Osiguranje je moguće promatrati sa stajališta pojedinca ili sa stajališta društva, također ga je moguće promatrati kao pravni posao ili kroz njegov ekonomski aspekt. Osiguranje je posao u kojemu ugovaratelj osiguranja sklapa ugovor sa osiguravajućim društvom. Ugovorom se ugovaratelj obvezuje plaćati premiju osiguranja, a osiguravajuće društvo se obvezuje isplatiti naknadu u slučaju da se dogodi osigurani slučaj. Osiguranik je pri tome osoba na koju se ugovor odnosi, a može i ne mora biti ista osoba kao ugovaratelj osiguranja. Najčešće korišten kriterij klasifikacije osiguranja prema vrstama osiguranja je kriterij bilanciranja poslova osiguranja i utvrđivanja poslovnog rezultata koji je korišten pri izradi ovoga rada. Navedeni kriterij osiguranja dijeli na životna i neživotna pod kojima postoji i dodatna podjela. Tržištem osiguranja smatra se ukupnost odnosa između ponuđača i tražitelja proizvoda osiguranja, pri čemu se ti odnosi odvijaju temeljem slobodnih odluka svih sudionika. Kretanja na tržištu potrebno je proučavati obzirom da se radi o djelatnosti u konstantnom razvoju, a koja ima velik značaj u životima ljudi. Provedenom analizom tržišta osiguranja utvrđeni su trendovi smanjenja broja stanovnika u obje promatrane zemlje, broja osiguravajućih društava te broja zaposlenih u osiguravajućim društvima. Bruto domaći proizvod u obje zemlje tijekom promatranog perioda bilježi trend rasta isto kao i ukupna zarađena bruto premija. Analizom strukture zarađene bruto premije prema vrstama osiguranja vidljive su sličnosti promatranih tržišta osiguranja.The term insurance is most often associated with the term risk. As a person is not able to eliminate the risks that occur during his life, one of the ways to manage risks is insurance. Insurance can be viewed from the point of view of an individual or from the point of view of society, it can also be viewed as a legal business or through it's economic aspect. Insurance is a business in which the policyholder enters into a contract with an insurance company. Under the contract, the policyholder undertakes to pay the insurance premium, and the insurance company undertakes to pay compensation in the event of an insured event. The insured is the person to whom the contract relates, and may or may not be the same person as the policyholder. The most commonly used criteria for classifying insurance by type of insurance is the criteria for balancing insurance business and determining the business result used in the preparation of this paper. This insurance criteria is divided into life and non-life under which there is an additional division. The insurance market is considered to be the totality of the relationship between the bidder and the claimant of the insurance product, whereby these relations take place on the basis of free decisions of all participants. Market trends need to be studied since it is an activity in constant development, which is of great importance in people's lives. The analysis of the insurance market determined the decreasing trends in the number of inhabitants in both observed countries, the number of insurance companies and the number of employees in insurance companies. Gross domestic product in both countries during the observed period recorded a growth trend as well as total gross gross premium earned. The analysis of the structure of gross premiums written by type of insurance shows the similarities of the observed insurance markets