Psychological care of psychiatric patients

Tema ovog diplomskog rada je Psihološka njega psihijatrijskih bolesnika. Problemi mentalnog zdravlja javljaju se u svim kulturama bez obzira na dob, a psihiĉkim smetnjama pogoĊena je petina ĉovjeĉanstva. Oko 5 % populacije ima smetnje koje znaĉajno ometaju radno i socijalno funkcioniranje. Kako bi medicinska sestra mogla pruţiti kvalitetnu psihološku njegu, potrebno je da bude otvorena, iskrena, transparentna, da bezuvjetno prihvaća pacijenta te da suosjeća s njegovim problemima. TakoĊer, medicinska sestra treba znati komunicirati na neosuĊujući naĉin, pokazati integritet i empatijski kapacitet kao i odluĉnost u donošenju odluka o njezi. Treba znati svoja ograniĉenja i ujedno se ponašati kao uzor drugima. Neki autori su istaknuli vaţnost samosvijesti što se tiĉe vlastitih misli, znanja i ţelja. Vaţno je prihvatiti sebe sa svim manama i vrlinama kako bi mogli uspostaviti kvalitetne interpersonalne odnose. Medicinske sestre trebaju pratiti ponašanje pacijenata, prepoznati njihove stresove i kako se oni odnose prema njima. Svakako trebaju pratiti njihov izgled jer ponekad neuredan izgled moţe otkriti psihiĉko stanje pacijenta odnosno postoji li mogućnost za nastanak depresije. Psihološka njega, kao segment holistiĉkog pristupa ljudskom zdravlju, zbog brojnih pozitivnih posljedica nikako ne smije biti zanemarena, već neophodna komponenta, temeljena na najboljim mogućim dokazima. Nuţno je uvoĊenje strategija koje će promovirati vaţnost i poboljšanje pruţanja psihološke njege.The topic of this thesis is Psychological care of psychiatric patients. Mental health problems occur in all cultures regardless of age, and one-fifth of humanity is affected by mental disorders. Furthermore, about 5% of the population has disabilities that significantly interfere with work and social functioning. For a nurse to be able to provide quality psychological care, she needs to be open, honest, transparent, to unconditionally accept the patient to empathize with his problems. Also, the nurse needs to know how to communicate in a non-judgmental way, show integrity and empathic capacity as well as determination in deciding about her. You need to know your limitations and simply act as a role model to others. Some authors have stressed the importance of self-awareness as far as one’s own thoughts, knowledge, and desires are concerned. It is important to accept yourself with all the flaws and virtues to be able to establish quality interpersonal relationships. Nurses need to monitor patients' behaviour, identify their stresses and how they are treated. Their appearance should be monitored, because sometimes a messy appearance can reveal the patient's mental state, i.e., there is a possibility of depression. Psychological care, as a segment of a holistic approach to human health, due to its numerous positive consequences, must not be neglected, but a necessary component, based on the best possible evidence. It is necessary to introduce a strategy that will promote the importance and improve the provision of psychological care