State and Market Regulation

Tržište je mjesto gdje se susreću ponuda i potražnja. Na njemu djeluju fizičke, ali i pravne osobe koje ostvaruju svoje ciljeve i interese, zbog kojih i stupaju u međusobne odnose. S obzirom da tržište ima određene nesavršenosti u smislu neravnomjerne preraspodjele dohotka ili bogatstva, stvaranja tržišne situacije gdje postoji samo jedan davatelj određene vrste proizvoda ili usluge, tzv. monopol, ponude javnih dobara uz ne optimalnu alokaciju resursa, te problem stvaranja vanjskih učinaka i dr., državna intervencija se nameće kao rješenje u otklanjanju nastalih problema koje tržište samo ne može korigirati. Država, da bi otklonila određeni problem, služi se raznim mjerama regulacije kao što su porezi, preraspodjela dohotka i sl., te donosi zakone koji su propisani u svrhu zaštite svih sudionika na tržištu od nezakonitih radnji i stavlja ih u jednak položaj. Državna regulacija također ima svojih nedostataka, ali usporedbom pozitivnih i negativnih efekata državne intervencije na tržištu, vidi se da pozitivni efekti nadvladavaju one negativne.The market is a place where supply and demand are meeting. It is operated by physical and legal persons who pursue their goals and interests, which is why they engage in mutual relations. Given that the market has certain imperfections in terms of uneven redistribution of income or wealth, creating a market situation where there is only one provider of a particular type of product or service, a so-called monopolist, offering public goods with no optimal allocation of resources, and the problem of creating external effects, etc., state intervention is imposed as a solution in solving the resulting problems that the market cannot merely correct. The state, in order to solve a particular problem, uses various measures of regulation such as taxes, income redistribution, etc., and adopts laws that are prescribed to protect all market participants from illegal activities and puts them in the same position. State regulation also has its own imperfections, but by comparing the positive and negative effects of state intervention in the market it is seen that the positive effects outweigh the negative ones