IZRAELSKA DRŽAVA OD CIONISTIČKOG POKRETA U EUROPI DO BLISKOISTOČNIH SUKOBA

Rad se bavi istraživanjem geneze izraelske države od početaka djelovanja Cionističkog pokreta u Europi na prijelazu 19. i 20. stoljeća do njezina osnutka i održavanja unutar arapsko-izraelskih sukoba od kraja 1940-ih do Mirovnog sporazuma iz Osla. Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti na koji su se način politička ideja i program nastanka države Izrael inicirali i počeli realizirati u permanentno konfliktnom okruženju. Promatrano razdoblje uključuje prilike u Europi uoči Prvog svjetskog rata preko jačanja antisemitizma u međuratnom razdoblju do sukcesivnih sukoba s arapskim susjedima nakon proglašenja Izraela 1948. Rad nastoji detektirati uzroke tih sukoba i obrazložiti koliko je konflikt u svojoj biti religijski, a koliko određen ovladavanjem što većim dijelom teritorija. Također, kroz rad su se analizirale činjenice koje su pridonijele da se Izrael napokon ustroji kao samostalna i međunarodno priznata država dok s Palestinom to još uvijek nije slučaj. Usto, analizira se i utjecaj vjere na predmetni sukob te njezina važnost za zaraćene strane. U konačnici u radu se raščlanjuju razlozi kako je židovski narod u stalnom neprijateljskom okruženju od antisemitizma do ratova na Bliskom istoku uspio etablirati svoju državu.This paper explores the genesis of the state of Israel from the beginnings of the Zionist movement in Europe at the turn of the 19th and 20th century to its establishment and maintenance within the Arab-Israeli conflicts from the late 1940s to the Oslo Peace Agreement. The aim of this paper was to explore how the political idea and the establishment program of the state of Israel were initiated and realized in the environment of permanent conflicts. The observed period includes the situation in Europe on the eve of the First World War, through the strengthening of anti-Semitism in the interwar period to successive conflicts with Arab neighbors after the proclamation of the state of Israel in 1948. The paper seeks to detect the causes of these conflicts and to explain how religious the conflict is in its essence, and how much it is determined by the control of as much territory as possible. Also, the paper analyzed the facts that contributed to Israel finally establishing itself as an independent and internationally recognized state, while this is still not the case with Palestine. In addition, the influence of religion on the conflict in question and its importance for the warring parties is analyzed. Ultimately, the paper analyzes the reasons why the Jewish people managed to establish their state in a constant hostile environment from anti-Semitism to wars in the Middle East