Children and family coping with children's malignant disease

Maligna bolest, poznata još i pod nazivom rak, označava nekontroliranu i abnormalnu proliferaciju stanica u ljudskom tijelu. Nažalost, ona se može pojaviti u svim razdobljima života, pa tako i kod djece i adolescenata. Na koji način će utjecati na njihove živote, najvećim dijelom ovisi o razvojnoj fazi u kojoj se dijete nalazi. Razvojne faze opisao je psiholog Jean Piaget, a u svakom se razdoblju ističu neke značajne karakteristike. Maligna bolest je situacija s kojom se moraju suočiti i roditelji djeteta te braća i sestre, a svaki se pojedinac može suočavati na različiti način. Budući da je maligna bolest ujedno i kronična bolest, ona ugrožava kvalitetu života oboljelog djeteta i njegovih članova obitelji kroz dulji period. Uz sve to, zloćudne bolesti gotovo uvijek zahtijevaju hospitalizaciju. Tijekom boravka na pedijatrijskom onkološkom odijelu, dijete se susreće s brojnim medicinskim osobljem, ali upravo su medicinske sestre i tehničari oni koji najviše vremena provode uz dijete. Iz toga proizlazi važnost njihovog rada u skladu s etičkim i moralnim načelima te kompetencijama. Hospitalizacija je dodatan stres za dijete i obitelj, stoga je vrlo važno malom pacijentu, ali i obitelji pristupiti holistički i pružiti adekvatnu zdravstvenu njegu, uz istodobno razvijanje povjerenja i komunikacije, jer je to ključ uspjeha rada medicinskih sestara, a pozitivno utječe na sučeljavanje sa stanjem kao što je maligna bolest.Malignant disease, also known as cancer, means uncontrolled and abnormal cell proliferation in the human body. Unfortunately, it can occur at all stages of life, including children and adolescents. How it will affect their lives largely depends on the developmental stage of life. The developmental stages were described by the psychologist Jean Piaget, and there are some significant characteristics of every stage. Malignant disease is a situation that must be faced by the child's parents and siblings, and each individual can face it differently. Since malignant disease is also a chronic disease, it threatens the quality of life of a sick child and his family members over a long time. In addition to all this, malignant diseases almost always require hospitalization. During the stay in the pediatric oncology ward, the child meets a great number of medical staff, but it is the nurses and technicians who spend the most time with the child. Iti s the reason why is so important to work in accordance with ethical and moral principles and under their competencies of work. Hospitalization is an additional stress for the child and family, so it is very important to approach the pediatric patient and family holistically and provide adequate health care, while developing trust and communication, because it is the key to success of nurses work and it positively affects coping with the situation such as malignant disease