Attitudes of health professionals toward tobacco smoking

Osim što pušenjem duhanskih proizvoda znatno povećavamo rizik za razvoj kronične opstruktivne plućne bolesti i razvoj mnogobrojnih kardiovaskularnih bolesti, povećavamo i rizične čimbenike za razvoj rana usne šupljine, jednjaka, jezika, grla, bronha i pluća, mokraćnog mjehura, bubrega i gušterače. Duhanski dim sadrži 4 000 kemijskih sastojaka, od kojih je 43 kancerogeno a čak 400 njih otrovno. Kancerogena tvar može promijeniti zdravu stanicu u zloćudnu stanicu. Štetnost uzrokuju nikotin i ugljični monoksid. U radu je provedeno anketno istraživanje metodom jednokratnog ispitivanja. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 932 ispitanika, zdravstvenih djelatnika. Istraživanje je provedeno u travnju 2021. godine. Pri korištenju anketnog upitnika bilo je važno osigurati anonimnost ispitanika, što se postiglo slanjem online anketnog obrasca. Za obradu rezultata korišten je MS Excel i IBM SPSS 26.0. program za statističku obradu podataka. Anketi su pristupile većinom zaposlene žene, po zanimanju medicinske sestre, mlađe životne dobi. Od ukupnog broja ispitanika, 47 % navodi da je pušač, dok se kao nepušač deklarira 36.9 % ispitanika. 67.6 % ispitanika smatra kako pušenje predstavlja ozbiljan problem u društvu. 94.8 % od ukupnog broja ispitanika smatra kako je pušenje štetno za zdravlje, a da je pasivno pušenje jednako štetno smatra 78.6 % ispitanika. Zdravstveni djelatnici trebali imati čvršće stavove što se tiče štetnih navika jer samim time što su zdravstveni djelatnici, populaciji bi trebali biti primjer zdravijeg načina života. Svijest o štetnosti pušenja je veća kod zdravstvenih djelatnika koji su nastavili svoje školstvo, odnosno koji imaju stupanj obrazovanja veći od srednje stručne spreme, pa se samim time može zaključiti da bi se zdravstvene djelatnike trebalo poticati na daljnje školovanje.In addition to significantly increasing the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the development of many cardiovascular diseases, smoking tobacco products also increase the risk factors for developing wounds of the oral cavity, oesophagus, tongue, throat, bronchi and lungs, bladder, kidneys and pancreas. Tobacco smoke contains 4,000 chemical ingredients, of which 43 are carcinogenic and as many as 400 are toxic. A carcinogen can turn a healthy cell into a malignant cell, while the adverse effects are caused by nicotine and carbon monoxide. This thesis contains a cross-sectional study with the use of a survey. The research was conducted on a sample of 932 respondents, health professionals. The survey was conducted in April 2021. When using the survey questionnaire, it was important to ensure the anonymity of the respondents, which was achieved by sending an online survey form. MS Excel and IBM SPSS 26.0 were used to process the results. The survey was mostly undertaken by employed women, which were nursing professionals of a younger age. Of the total number of respondents, 47% state that they are smokers, while 36.9% declare themselves as non-smokers. A total of 67.6% of respondents believe that smoking is a serious problem in society. Furthermore, 94.8% of respondents believe that smoking is harmful to health, and that passive smoking is equally harmful is considered by 78.6% of respondents. Healthcare professionals should have much more robust attitudes when it comes to harmful habits, as they have to set an example to the population. Awareness of the harmful effects of smoking is higher among health professionals who have continued their education, i.e. who have a level of education higher than secondary education; therefore, it can be concluded that health professionals should be encouraged to continue their education