Gastric cancer - a case report

Želudac kao organ probavnog sustava ima zadaću prihvata, pripreme i obrade hrane za daljnju probavu. Njegove osnovne funkcije najčešće su narušene kad nastupi bolest. Jedna od najagresivnijih bolesti želuca je karcinom želuca. Od malignog karcinoma želuca češće obolijevaju muškarci od žena. Sam uzrok karcinoma i dalje je nepoznat, ali se zna da postoje određeni faktori koji pogoduju nastanku. Karcinomi želuca podijeljeni su prema mjestu na kojem su nastali i stanicama od kojih su nastali. Simptomi i tipična klinička slika najčešće izostaju na početku bolesti, a tipični se javljaju tek kod uznapredovalog stadija bolesti. Prema tome se simptomi dijele na rane i kasne. Pravilna dijagnostička obrada bitna je za utvrđivanje potreba liječenja pacijenta. Ona uključuje anamnezu, detaljan klinički pregled pacijenta i dijagnostičke pretrage. Od svih dijagnostičkih pretraga, gastroskopija je zlatni standard u otkrivanju karcinoma želuca. Nakon dijagnostičke obrade pristupa se liječenju koje je individualno i ovisi o vrsti i proširenosti samog malignog procesa. Prognoza oboljelih od karcinoma želuca je loša jer se karcinom najčešće otkrije tek u uznapredovalom stadiju bolesti. Petogodišnje preživljavanje oboljelih je manje od 5% do 15%, a proširena metastatska bolest gotovo u svim slučajevima ima smrtni ishod unutar godine dana. Upravo zbog toga je bitno kod oboljelih pružiti adekvatnu i pravovremenu palijativnu skrb. U radu je prikazan slučaj osobe oboljele od karcinoma želuca od prvih simptoma bolesti, dijagnostike, palijativno liječenje i važnost uloge medicinske sestre u cjelokupnom procesu.The stomach as an organ of the digestive system has the task of receiving, preparing and processing food for further digestion. Its basic functions are most often impaired when the disease occurs. One of the most aggressive diseases of the stomach is gastric cancer. Malignant gastric cancer is more common in men than in women. The cause of cancer itself remains unknown, but it is known that there are certain factors that favor its occurrence. Gastric cancers are divided according to where they originated and the cells from which they originated. Symptoms and a typical clinical picture are usually absent at the beginning of the disease and typically occur only at an advanced stage of the disease. Therefore, the symptoms are divided into early and late. Proper diagnostic processing is essential to determine the treatment needs of patients. It includes medical history, detailed clinical examination of the patient and diagnostic tests. Of all the diagnostic tests, gastroscopy is the gold standard in the detection of gastric cancer. After diagnostic processing, treatment is approached that is individual and depends on the type and extent of the malignant process itself. The prognosis of patients with gastric cancer is poor because cancer is most often detected only in the advanced stage of the disease. The five-year survival of patients is less than 5% -15% and advanced metastatic disease in almost all cases is fatal within a year. That is why it is important to provide adequate and timely palliative care to patients. The paper presents a case report of a person with gastric cancer, which is accompanied by the first symptoms of the disease, diagnosis, palliative treatment and the importance of the role of the nurse in the overall process