Perception and Development of Creativity in Elementary Schools

U suvremenoj se školi mijenjaju zahtjevi obrazovanja kao i uloge nastavnika i učenika, pri čemu je iznimno važno osposobiti učenike za kreativno i kritičko mišljenje te djelovanje. Ovaj odgovoran zadatak prvenstveno je na nastavnicima koji svoja znanja i vještine kontinuirano nadograđuju. U teorijskom dijelu ovog rada razmatra se pojam kreativnosti, različiti pristupi i teorije kreativnosti te čimbenici kreativne nastave. Kreativno poučavanje i poučavanje za kreativnost odnosi se na primjenu kreativnih ideja te korištenje nastavnih metoda i tehnika u svrhu poticanja kreativnosti. Upravo zbog toga što samo kreativan nastavnik može razvijati kreativnost učenika, u ovom se radu istraživalo poimanje i razvoj kreativnosti u osnovnoj školi. Cilj istraživanja bio je temeljem mišljenja nastavnika ispitati, analizirati i interpretirati poimanje kreativnosti te načine i mogućnosti razvijanja kreativnosti u osnovnoj školi. Rezultati ukazuju na to da nastavnici zastupaju razvojnu teoriju kreativnosti prema kojoj svaki pojedinac može biti kreativan u određenom području. U svom radu koriste brojne nastavne metode i tehnike poticanja kreativnosti te ističu korisnost stvaranja pozitivnog ozračja u nastavi. Ipak, prisutnost neslaganja između nekih osobina koje nastavnici pripisuju kreativnim učenicima i poželjnih osobina učenika upućuje na nužnost suradnje između cjelokupnog odgojno-obrazovnog sustava. Isticanje važnosti poticanja kreativnosti i primjena suvremenih i kreativnih metoda potaknut će razvoj sposobnih i samostalnih pojedinaca i napredak društva.Modern education system sought changes in the educational demands as well as in the roles of teachers and students. This made the need for the students' development of creative and critical thinking and activity extremely necessary. This responsible task falls primarily onto teachers who continuously improve their knowledge and skills. The theoretical framework of this thesis considers the concept of creativity, different approaches and theories of creativity along with the components of creative teaching. Teaching creatively and teaching for creativity refers to the implementation of creative ideas and use of teaching methods and techniques that foster creativity. Because only a creative teacher can nurture students' creativity, this study researches teachers' perception and development of creativity in elementary schools. The aim of this research was to examine, analyse and interpret teachers' perception of creativity and ways and possibilities of developing creativity in elementary schools. The findings indicate that teachers support developmental approach to creativity according to which every individual can be creative in a particular field, they use numerous teaching methods and techniques that stimulate creativity and highlight the benefit of creating a positive classroom environment. The presence of discordance between some creative students' characteristics and desirable students' characteristics leads to the necessity of cooperation between the overall educational system. Emphasis on the importance of fostering creativity and implementation of contemporary and creative teaching methods will prompt the development of competent and independent individuals and the progress of society